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02.10.03

He/She/Zie

I got a slap on the hand today from a professor I teach with because he didn't like my use of s/he as a pronoun. Should one be inclusive or should one strive to remove clunkiness? He thinks the latter. I think both. S/he is far more streamlined than the awful he/she, his/her bit. It didn't seem worth it at the time to get into a discussion about nonbinary pronouns - zie and vir, for instance. Those are the pronouns that would either denote all-inclusive-genderlessness or a third gender, depending on who you talk to.

I've been trying to forget about pronouns lately, since I spent a lot of last semester thinking about them in Queer Theory and Language Theory, and ended up with a paper that was (mostly) about queering pronouns. Despite that spate of overkill, the more I contemplate the topic the more interesting it is to me. Not to most normal people, though, as evidenced by the following exchange:

"Hey, what are you working on these days?"
"Well, there's this paper on queering pronouns..."
"Pronouns? Why? What can you say about that? Hey, look at that bird."

Anyway, here's a bit of what I'm thinking about:


The future of gender pronouns is hazy, and has been in question since the early feminist movement first began to question the use of “he” as a universal pronoun indicative of mankind as a whole. Since then, we've seen the advent of “his/her” and “s/he” as alternatives. But these are still hegemonic references to the traditional gender binary; what alternatives are available for transpeople?

Whether any of these will come into common usage remains to be seen. Reigning Queer Theorists are arguing for the abolition of gender constructs altogether, for a life without the limitations of binary gender. Failing in that, they ask for recognition of multiple genders, rather than just two. In some queer literature, the pronouns “zie” and “zir” have begun to be used as alternatives to “his” and “her.” “Vir” serves much the same purpose, as does the less-common “shim.”
Some feel that gender-indicative labels should be abolished altogether, though. “I have begun speaking simply of gender as a name for that system that punishes bodies for how they look, who they love, or how they feel - for the size or color or shape of their skin. I do this not to collapse differences, but to emphasize our connections,” writes Wilchins. “But at some point such efforts [at employing inclusive terms] simply extend the linguistic fiction that real identities (however inclusive) actually exist prior to the political systems that create and require them. This is a seduction of language, constantly urging you to name the constituency you represent rather than the oppressions you contest” (Wilchins, 17).


Perhaps new, more inclusive terms will creep into the vernacular, introduced by the overweening p.c. consciousness. Or perhaps Wilchins is right, and nothing less than a Gender Revolution will be required to abolish the currently accepted identity frames. According to Butler, such a thing is impossible. While her statement is specifically addressed to the feminist and lesbian communities, it can just as easily be applied to trans communities: “The feminist [trans] subject turns out to be discursively constituted by the very political system that is supposed to facilitate its emancipation. This becomes politically problematic if that system can be shown to produce gendered subjects along a differential axis of domination or to produce subjects who are presumed to be masculine. In such cases, an uncritical appeal to such a system for the emancipation of 'women' [or transpeople] will clearly be self-defeating” (Butler, 5). Or, in the words of Audre Lorde, “the master's tools will never dismantle the master's house” (Lorde, 110). One cannot expect change to develop within the same society that has fostered the prevailing attitudes - to do so would be self defeating.


The question, in terms of face, is whether to do so is even desirable within the current societal norms. The approval process for transsexual (“sex-change”) surgery requires that one live as one's desired sex for a year, and that one be able to pass at least fairly well. Successfully passing in normative culture, and thus retaining one's desired face in that context, requires that one be called by the accepted binary pronouns. Easy identification is a desire, a goal, a ticket to progression. As long as this is the case, as long as all of us continue to accept gender as dual, and that duality as desired, then there is no reason for pronouns to change. As long as a misplaced pronoun can ruin our days, then there is no need for “zie.”

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Comments

I find beauty in the duality, but then, I don't feel particularly oppressed, suppressed, or repressed. I just don't see the art in a society void of gender-specific pronouns. I think respect--though more difficult to attain--would be the higher road.

The long road, as always is being able to demonstrate why something so entrenched as the pronoun is worth changing. Just as it is hard to convince most people that gender is not either-or, and even transgender isn't as simple as 'becoming the other'. You might as well try using Derrida's "there is no is" to convince children that they aren't having a birthday when they know damn well they are having a birthday.

I agree, Ailina, that respect should be the goal, but it's hard to foster respect when something as basic and powerful in daily life as the very language we use to describe ourselves tell some people that they don't even exist. That, to me, is the need for breaking down binaries--it allows people to come closer in language to expressing the selves they actually experience themselves as. Which is exactly why so many women object to the use of "he" as a neutral pronoun: it writes their experiences out of our collective culture.

Whew... that was a rambliing comment! :)

Ask someone who speaks Mandarin. "Ta" has no gender. Just don't try to tell them Mandarin has no art. :)

I'm with Steve. I'd rather see myself in language, whenever it's appropriate to do so. Either mark both pronouns or neither for gender. Or give me a grab-bag of pronouns to choose from.

What's wrong with "they"? It's natural, it's supported by history, it's admirably sex-neutral. (If anyone thinks it's somehow "wrong" -- though that would be a tough argument to make if you're supporting "zie" or "shim" -- feel free to check out my linguistic discussion at:
http://languagehat.blogspot.com/2002_12_08_languagehat_archive.html#85947992 )